Our cats are always nosing about, getting into all sorts of things. They see something peculiar, and what better thing to do than give it a good sniff? If your cat gags a lot, you might wonder what gives.

Some cats might be more sensitive to smells, textures, and stimuli than others. It just depends on the kitty and how they are. Here are 10 reasons your cat might be gagging.

Gagging in Cats: 10 Potential Reasons

We want to explain first that your cat might be sensitive to changes in their environment relating to air fresheners, cooking certain items, burning candles, using cleaners, and a variety of other stimuli.

Before you take your cat to the vet, determine if there are any changes you can think of that could have triggered the gagging. It might just be a process of elimination. But here are some alternative reasons.

1. Hairballs

If your cat is an avid groomer, chances are they will have hairball issues a time or two in their life. It is especially common among medium to long-haired cats. If your cat is gagging, it might absolutely be a hairball to blame.

In fact, it may be one of the most common and understandable reasons a cat is gagging. When cats groom themselves, the hairs get caught on papillae (small projections on the tongue) and can get stuck in and irritate the throat.

If the hair makes it to the stomach, it can aggregate into a hairball or trichobezoar. Cats might regurgitate the hairball or it could pass through the intestines, sometimes leading to constipation or blockages.

Hairballs are a normal part of a cat’s life, and they are usually unremarkable and highly expected. However, sometimes they can signal a problem. On average, your cat should cough up a hairball around once a month—maybe slightly more for long-haired cats.

If your cat has frequent problems with hairballs, it might mean they have slightly sluggish digestion. There are diets on the market specially formulated to combat hairballs and improve the overall function of the gastrointestinal tract.

Typically, an overproduction of hairballs can signal other issues like food allergies, environmental allergies, and inflammatory bowel disease.

2. Nausea

Your cat might be feeling a little sicky-icky. Nausea isn’t an underlying cause, but rather just a sign of another manifestation. Nausea can be as simple as motion sickness or as serious as an organ issue or cancer.

Because nausea is such a broad-spectrum issue, it can be hard to determine the underlying cause. You should absolutely get your cat to the vet if they seem nauseous over a long period of time.

Nausea has its remedies, sure. But the reality is, ongoing nausea is your cat’s body’s way of telling you something is wrong—so please, listen.

3. Food Intolerance

Food intolerances can be easily overlooked until signs become ultra-visible. Some cats show the signs very quickly, while others come on gradually or change over time.

When cats have food intolerances, there are usually other signs you might miss at first.

If you suspect food allergies, you should promptly visit your vet. It might take some time to determine the trigger, but it will be necessary to keep them healthy and problem-free. To combat food intolerances, diet changes are an obvious need. Sensitivity or hypoallergenic diets are often used.

4. Foreign Object Ingestion

We all know our cats are curious creatures, and most aren’t shy about putting things in their mouth. For some of us, it would be no surprise if our cats ingested something they really shouldn’t have. While cats are typically less problematic than dogs in this category, they can still chew up and accidentally swallow lots of things.

Cats are known for linear foreign bodies like string or yarn that get caught under the tongue. Other objects can lodge in the esophagus or intestines creating an obstruction.

5. Asthma

If your cat has asthma, they might gag. Severe coughing can stimulate the gag reflex and some cats will even bring up stomach contents after a coughing fit. You may also notice coughing, hacking, or open-mouthed breathing, which looks like gagging. Watch the video below of our vet explaining the difference between vomiting, coughing, and regurgitation in cats.

Asthma is a bit of an enigma to researchers, but most agree that it is an allergic reaction to an allergen in the atmosphere. Once it enters the cat’s lungs, the immune system responds accordingly. Your cat could have mild to severe asthma and treatment will be different depending on the individual feline.

Either way, feline asthma is a chronic and incurable respiratory disease, but good management is usually possible. If you believe your cat has asthma, it is imperative that you get treatment for your cat’s safety and comfort.

Typically, feline asthma responds to corticosteroids which can be delivered through injection, inhaler, or oral medication.

6. Respiratory Infections

Other respiratory issues could cause your cat to gag. Luckily, some respiratory issues are preventable by vaccines. Some of these include feline herpesvirus type-1, feline calicivirus, and Bordetella.

If you haven’t vaccinated your cat against certain diseases and they are gagging a lot, it might be a good idea to take them to a vet and explain the situation. The vet might run tests to see if any of these diseases are active in your cat’s system.

If your cat gets a clean bill of health, your vet might administer the vaccines to get them up-to-date, preventing any issues from developing in the future.

7. Tumors

In rare cases, gagging might signal there is a tumor somewhere in the body—specifically in the throat and neck. Here are a few different kinds of tumors that can cause gagging:

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma (CCC) is the most common type of oral tumor in cats. Especially if a tumor arises from the base of the tongue, back of the throat, or tonsils, it can stimulate the gag reflex quite frequently.

Lymphoma

Lymphoma is another type of oral tumor in cats. Aside from gagging, you may notice your cat drooling, struggling to swallow, losing weight, and having bad breath if they have an oral tumor like lymphoma.

Melanoma

Melanoma is another type of reasonably common oral tumor in cats. If your cat has an oral tumor they will need surgery to remove or biopsy the mass. Unfortunately, many tumors are not noted until they are too large to surgically remove.

Thyroid Carcinoma

The thyroid is a gland that sits in the neck. Like oral tumors, tumors that arise here can cause gagging as they put pressure on the throat and esophagus. It can also interfere with breathing. Cats with thyroid carcinoma will also have signs related to excessive thyroid hormone production or hyperthyroidism.

8. Liver Disease

The liver is responsible for collecting and expelling toxins in the body and aiding in digestion. It alone makes the bile that we use to break down our food. When your cat’s liver is in trouble, it can cause nausea, vomiting, and gagging.

Liver disease can stem from several sources. Here are a few common scenarios.

Hepatic Lipidosis

This is also known as fatty liver syndrome and occurs when triglyceride builds up in liver cells. Usually, cats lose their appetite and reject food. This issue can be fatal if untreated and generally affects overweight cats.

Infections

Bacterial infections can hurt the liver.

Toxins

Ingesting a toxin usually directly impacts the liver because it is your cat’s (and your) filtration system.

Metabolic Disorders

If your cat suffers from a metabolic disorder, it can directly impact their liver. Some examples include diabetes and thyroid conditions. If you’re concerned that your cat might have an issue with their liver, you must get them to the vet immediately.

9. Kidney Disease

The kidneys are crucial for survival. They provide a built-in filtration system for the body to remove waste products, filter blood, maintain electrolyte balance, and regulate blood pressure. If your cat develops kidney disease, it can cause a myriad of signs, including gagging.

Kidneys are a non-negotiable part of your cat’s body. They absolutely need their kidneys, so it is imperative that you treat any issues that arise quickly. Your vet will come up with a treatment plan if your cat is diagnosed with kidney disease.

10. Heart Disease

Heart disease can be scary and is a common issue in aging felines. Heart disease can cause fluid in the lungs. If this is the case your cat can cough up watery or pink-tinged fluid. This process may look a lot like gagging.

Heart disease can occur at any age and be congenital (present at birth) or develop over time. It depends on the underlying reason and genetic factors. Certain breeds carry genes that cause heart disease.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is one of the most common causes of heart disease in cats.

If your cat has severe signs of heart disease, it is intensely important to get them medical care immediately. It can be the difference between life and death.

When to Take Your Cat to the Vet

If you notice any changes in your cat, it is best to take them to the vet. While some issues might not be too concerning, others will require further testing and treatment.

Conclusion

If your cat is gagging, it is important to get to the bottom of it. Has it been going on for a while? Is it impacting your cat’s daily life? Are they showing additional signs that might raise concern?

If so, it is time to get them to your vet. It might be something as simple as allergies, or as complicated as cancer. That is why it is so vital to address it and not procrastinate vet care. Best of luck to you and your gaggy gal or guy.

Featured Image Credit: JackieLou DL, Pixabay

The post Why Do Cats Gag? 10 Vet-Verified Reasons & When to Worry by Ashley Bates appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Virtual doctor visits or telemedicine is a product of the pandemic and the restrictions it imposed. Nevertheless, virtual vet visits have stuck around and serve a purpose and have many benefits for pet owners, particularly for cats. Dogs often ride in vehicles, whether going to the vet or the doggie park.

Meanwhile, cats don’t typically get this exposure, making virtual vet visits a more viable option to relieve stress and anxiety. However, there are times when virtual visits just make more sense, especially if it’s not an emergency situation and you just have a few questions about your cat’s signs and behavior.

How Does It Work?

The premise of a virtual vet visit is to conduct an appointment online instead of in person. Instead of hauling your cat to the clinic, everything happens virtually. Your vet will take a history from you and will ask you questions for clarification. They can also observe your pet for signs of certain issues. You get the same dedicated time to ask questions for the scheduled duration.

The biggest difference is the setting. The appointment happens at home instead of the clinic. It requires a good Internet connection to put it on a par with an in-office visit. However, they obviously won’t be able to perform a physical exam, and some vets won’t be able to make a diagnosis or prescribe medications virtually.

What Are the Different Types of Virtual Vet Visits?

There aren’t different types of virtual vet visits, per se, because of the limitations of the meeting. However, you can give your vet pertinent information to help them arrive at a diagnosis or at least an assessment of what’s happening with your cat. After all, felines are notorious for hiding pain or other signs of an issue. A vet must rely on your evidence and your cat’s signs and then make suggestions from there.

Where Is It Used?

Virtual vet visits typically occur at home. You should do it in a small room, like a bathroom, so your cat is visible and accessible. Avoid taking the call someplace where your kitty can hide under a bed or other place. The visual component is vital for the value of this offering. For example, if your pet is limping, your vet must see how it affects their mobility to make an accurate assessment of the problem and advise on the next steps.

You can conduct the visit wherever you and your cat are, which adds to their value. You can do the virtual vet visit at home or on the road. The only criterion is a reliable connection. We suggest having notes of what’s going on with your kitty to make the best use of your time if there is a limit.

Advantages of Virtual Vet Visits

The greatest advantage of virtual vet visits is stress reduction. Too much stress can mask the clinical signs your vet needs to evaluate your kitty’s issue. They are more likely to see the animal’s normal behavior than something stress-induced. Felines are going to be on their guard someplace else, which can hinder a diagnosis.

It can also save you time and money to make the visit virtually. It’s one thing if you work from home, but it’s another thing if you have to take time off from work. That adds to your stress and can make the appointment more costly for you. Often, virtual vet visits are less expensive than going into the office.

It’s worth noting that some appointments aren’t worth bringing your cat to the clinic. That may include behavioral issues or follow-up visits. Sometimes, a vet may not have to touch or examine your pet physically. It can also save your vet time when dealing with these cases.

Disadvantages of Virtual Vet Visits

A virtual vet visit can’t accurately assess every problem. Your vet may need to examine your cat physically to make a diagnosis. They may have to conduct tests that can’t happen online. This may delay the diagnosis and treatment of your pet, or end up costing you more if you have to bring your pet into the clinic anyway.

If you don’t have an existing veterinary-client-patient relationship (VCPR) with the vet you speak to virtually, they will be unable to diagnose or prescribe medication. A VCPR usually needs to be established by your pet being examined by a veterinarian in person, although some states allow it to be established remotely.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Does Pet Insurance Cover Virtual Vet Visits?

Some pet insurers cover virtual vet visits or calls to a vet to discuss issues. There’s no doubt that they can save money and time for caregivers and veterinarians. The companies also want to optimize costs. We suggest checking the details of these exams before scheduling one. Take advantage of these savings if they are applicable.

Can Vets Prescribe Medications During a Virtual Exam?

This depends, as state laws vary. Some online vet clinics can prescribe medications, while others can’t. We suggest checking ahead of time if this is possible in your state and with the clinic.

What Do Virtual Vet Visits Cost?

The cost varies with the service. However, they are typically less expensive since the vet doesn’t have to rely on support personnel like techs and receptionists. You may find limits on the number of visits. In some situations, they may not replace an in-person exam, which may negate any savings.

Conclusion

Virtual vet visits are an excellent time-saver for situations where they can help with pet issues. They prevent stress from a car ride to the clinic and allow the vet to observe normal pet behavior. That’s a problem with cats especially, making this option a godsend in some cases. However, limitations exist. They involve the nature of the issues and state regulations. Nevertheless, they benefit pet owners and their felines in many cases.

Featured Image Credit: Katcha_Natsarin, Shutterstock

The post Virtual Vet Visits: What to Expect & FAQ (Vet Verified) by Chris Dinesen Rogers appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

You can’t help but notice a Sphynx cat. The large ears and almond-shaped eyes command your attention. It’s no wonder that they are the 10th most popular breed! Of course, the kitty’s outgoing and energetic personality also helps endear them to pet owners. One question many people consider when deciding on an animal companion is their lifespan. After all, we get attached to our pets, and we want them around for as long as possible. So, how long does this hairless cat breed live? In general, Sphynx cats have an average lifespan of 8-14 years.

Sphynx Average Lifespan

It is commonly reported that the Sphynx cat can live 8 to 14 years or more with proper care and healthy genes. We found however that there is little peer reviewed scientific data on their average lifespan. Unfortunately though, one UK based study found that the Sphinx had the lowest lifespan of all breeds analyzed, with a life expectancy of only 6.68 years (compared to the overall average of all cats of 11.94 years).¹ Many factors can influence an animal’s lifespan, including domestic cats. Let’s consider some of the most significant considerations.

How to Care for Your Sphynx for a Long Lifespan

All cats are unique, and the Sphynx, being a hairless breed, requires a bit more care than some other breeds.

Feeding & Diet

The Sphynx is an active cat and requires a high-quality diet that gives them all the energy they need. It is best to feed your cat a food that is complete and balanced and meets the AAFCO nutritional guidelines for their specific life stage. This will provide them with all the nutrients and vitamins that they need to thrive. However, it’s good to note that a food with omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids will help maintain your hairless cat’s skin health.

To prevent them from getting bored, it might be wise to offer your cat their meals via food puzzles, lick mats, or foraging in your home. Offering several small meals throughout the day is ideal, as free-feeding them can lead to obesity.

Sphynx cats are also reported to have higher metabolisms than other breeds due to their need to regulate their body temperature without fur to keep them warm. While the feeding guideline on the food’s packaging is a good guideline, it’s best to ask your vet for advice about portion sizes for your Sphynx.

Grooming

While you might think that Sphynx cats require less maintenance because they don’t have long fur, you’d be incorrect. These cats actually require quite a bit of upkeep.

For starters, these cats require regular baths, although you also can’t overdo it because their skin will dry out and become irritated. You should avoid any shampoos with harsh scents or ingredients that could dry their skin out. Always look for a shampoo specifically formulated for cats. To prevent ear infections, be sure to check your Sphynx’s large ears regularly for dirt and wax buildup. Clean them with a cat ear cleaning solution and soft cotton ball or pad when needed—never use Q-tips, as this could push the debris further into the ear.

Sphynx cats are prone to dental disease so regular tooth brushing at home with a cat-friendly toothpaste is advisable.

Due to their lack of fur, they should be indoor-only cats. If you do happen to allow them outside, you’ll need to dress them in a UV-blocking shirt or pet-safe sunscreen to prevent sunburn. They might also get chilly, so you’ll need to consider getting them a couple of cat sweaters to stay warm.

Healthcare

Knowing what health issues a Sphynx can be at risk of helps you keep your feline as healthy and happy for as long as possible. Let’s have a look at some of these common issues, and if anything can be done to prevent them.

Skin conditions

As we touched on above, the lack of hair and the protection it provides puts the Sphynx at increased risk of skin problems. Because there is no hair to distribute sebaceous gland secretions, oil can build up on their skin and around their nail beds, meaning they need to be bathed regularly to prevent secondary bacterial and yeast skin infections.

Heart Disease

Genetics plays a role in the Sphynx’s risk of heart disease, primarily hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and mitral valve dysplasia (MVD). This breed has a greater chance of inheriting these cardiovascular conditions, which, of course, can impact the animal’s lifespan. HCM describes the abnormal thickening of the heart muscle. It can lead to congestive heart failure, blood clots, and in a small percentage of cats, sudden death.

In predisposed breeds such as the Sphynx, annual screening with echocardiograms is usually recommended as HCM develops over time, it is most often diagnosed in middle aged cats. A genetic test for HCM is also available and responsible breeders will screen their breeding felines to reduce the risk of offspring developing this condition.

MVD is a condition affecting this heart valve. It can also lead to congestive heart failure.

Hereditary Myopathy

This is also a genetic disorder which the Sphynx can inherit. It also affects the Devon Rex, whose lineage was used to develop the Sphynx. It causes generalized muscle weakness due to a defect in the mechanism by which signals from nerves are transmitted to the muscles. Signs usually become apparent between 3 weeks and 6 months of age. It is an autosomal recessive trait meaning that two copies of the gene must be present for this disease to develop. To reduce the prevalence of this disorder, screening using DNA tests is recommended for cats that may be bred from.

Urinary Stones

Another health concern to be aware of in the Sphynx is a greater propensity for urinary stones or uroliths, a risk shared with the Bengal and Ragdoll, among other feline breeds.

Our aim isn’t to frighten you about the longevity of this cat. Instead, it underscores the importance of choosing a reputable seller. These individuals will share screening information readily with you. Beware of any breeder who won’t provide testing results or let you see your kitty’s mother and littermates. You should also stick with sellers who offer a health guarantee.

Many animals with genetic disorders, like HCM, don’t show clinical signs right away. A guarantee protects you. It’s worth noting that your vet may recommend continued monitoring of your cat’s health for some of these conditions. Early detection can improve your pet’s quality of life and extend their lifespan.

The Life Stages of a Sphynx

The life stages of a Sphynx are roughly the same as any other cat.

How to Tell Your Sphynx’s Age

It can be hard to tell how old a cat is, regardless of the breed. However, vets will look at a few key indicators, such as the condition of their teeth and coat, their grooming habits and their eyes to give some clues as to their age.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Do Sphynx Cats Require Lots of Extra Care?

The Sphynx requires extra care primarily relating to their lack of fur. As we covered above this includes regular baths, ear and teeth cleanings, and ensuring UV protection. This kitty is energetic and curious, making enrichment and mental stimulation also critical for their well-being.

Are Sphynx Cats Hypoallergenic?

Having little hair isn’t the same thing as the kitty being hypoallergenic. Unfortunately, it remains only a concept and is not a reality. The fur isn’t the issue, but rather, it’s a protein found in the animal’s saliva and skin. So while the lack of shed fur reduces the spread of allergens around your home, if you’re allergic to cats, getting a Sphynx isn’t necessarily going to solve the problem. On the positive side, you’ll get a pet that doesn’t shed much!

Is There Anything I Can Do as a Pet Owner to Prevent Heart Disease?

The heart diseases we referenced usually have a genetic component. The pre-breeding health screenings by the breeder can help prevent its occurrence. You should monitor your cat’s weight to prevent obesity, which can adversely affect the animal’s cardiovascular system.

Conclusion

The Sphynx Cat is a unique animal with an outgoing personality that is sure to get your attention. As with most other purebred cats, they are prone to certain genetic health conditions that can reduce their lifespan. Luckily, breeders have tools to screen their animals and help prevent many from being passed on to their kittens.

A Sphynx can provide you with years of enjoyment and unconditional love. However, regular veterinary care and recommended health screenings are essential. It’s part of your responsibility as a pet owner.

• See also: Black Sphynx Cat

Featured Image Credit: New Africa, Shutterstock

The post How Long Do Sphynx Cats Live? Vet Reviewed Lifespan, Care Tips & FAQ by Chris Dinesen Rogers appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Kittens are born helpless and blind—dependent on mom to get them through life. After the first several weeks, mom and onlookers alike will be shocked at how quickly they grow and become independent entities apart from their caretaker.

If you have a litter of kittens or you’re wondering how to care for an abandoned litter, this article has valuable information for you. Generally, cats are dependent on their mother for at least 8 weeks and should be fully independent by 14 weeks. We will go over how the average kitten matures, special health considerations, and how you can help kittens in need.

Kitten Growth Process

Before you get to the goods, you might want to brush up on the early development of a kitten. What is it like for them between womb and adulthood? Let’s start at the top.

Gestation

Cats can go into heat at roughly 4-6 months of age. Afterward, they can become pregnant and will quickly do so if given any opportunity. Once they successfully mate, you can expect a litter of kittens in about 65 days.

During this time, the mother should swell in the abdomen and her nipples might protrude and become much more noticeable. If you realize your cat might be pregnant, you might be reading this to know how soon you can rehome the kittens.

Just be patient. Trust us! We have solutions for you below.

Dental Development

Like us, kitties get a set of deciduous or kitten teeth before the permanent teeth come through. Kittens get 26 deciduous teeth which they need to be able to eat food rather than milk or mush. The incisors are small teeth at the front which erupt around 2-4 weeks of age. Deciduous premolars are used for chewing and come through around 5-6 weeks of age. Kittens will get a full set of 30 permanent teeth by 7 months of age.

Weaning Stages

Once a kitten is born, they depend on their mother’s milk solely for the first several weeks. However, when they reach approximately 3 to 4 weeks of age, many owners start mixing a milk supplement with solids to deliver their first food in the form of a liquid or paste. They will go between this and their mother’s milk for a few weeks.

Eating Solids

Once the kitten starts to eat solids, they won’t slow down! They will take pleasure in chowing down each time the dish hits the ground. You might notice that the kittens start to fight over the food; some of the more dominant kittens might start getting quite frisky and being a little stingy. As they get older the food can gradually become less liquid and have a bit more consistency about it. By around 6 weeks the kittens can be offered some dry kibble.

Socializing

The socialization period occurs from 3-9 weeks in kittens. Socialization is imperative to each kitten’s development. They will have some much-needed time spent with mom, brothers, and sisters to ensure that they know how to behave. Socialization teaches kittens how to play properly and get along with others. So, it is a very crucial stage of development.

Kittens should also be exposed to people, kids, grooming, and gentle handling during this period to ensure they are prepared for life as pets. They should so be exposed to different kinds of foods, places, car rides, and everything they will need to be familiar with in their lives.

Socializing cats has some important behavioral benefits; it reduces fear and increases their bond with their owners.

Self-Sustaining

Eventually, you’ll notice by 12-14 weeks, if not sooner that the kitten is totally capable of self-sustaining. You won’t have to worry about the kitty needing mum—it is all put together in a nice little package and ready to come home. Mom will be totally hands-off by this point.

Rules Regarding Kittens Leaving Mom

If someone is trying to rehome a kitten, the little one needs to be at least 8 weeks of age, but ideally closer to 14 weeks. The reasons for kittens not being able to leave mum too early are behavioral. One study reported behavioral problems in kittens leaving their mother before 8 weeks of age and showed the behavioral benefits of staying with their mom until 14 weeks.

If you have a single orphaned kitten, be mindful of “single kitten syndrome”. These cats don’t get enough socialization from their mother and littermates, which leads to some behavioral problems. They may not understand appropriate social behavior with other cats and humans. They may hurt others without meaning to because they weren’t taught to regulate their bites or scratches. If you can find another kitten so they can be raised together this is ideal.

The 5 Tips on How to Wean Kittens Without a Mother

If you have a litter of kittens that have been abandoned by their mother, you may have to intervene. If this is the case, then it is imperative you follow direct guidance from a vet to get the kittens in optimal health.

Rushing the weaning process is a no-no. Whether the mother has lost interest in her litter or is nowhere to be found, it is so important you make the switch from formula to food slowly and at the correct age.

1. Offer Formula for 3–4 Weeks, Then Start to Introduce Solids

You can offer a kitten milk replacer to your kittens for at least 4 weeks using a bottle. When the time comes to add in solids after bottle-feeding for so long, you can slowly mush and mash kitten kibble or wet food until it is a rather slop-like substance. Ultimately, you’re looking for something that is the consistency of puree.

Some kittens will take right to the plate, chowing down like a madman. Others will take a more confused approach, wanting to eat, but taking a while to get their bearings. If they seem uninterested you can put some on their nose as they will lick it off and enjoy the taste.

Just remember—mix a small amount at first. You’re looking for baby food consistency.

2. Adjust as Needed

As your kittens get the hang of it, you can give more solids and less milk—just be sure not to do so too quickly. Any diet changes could lead to gastrointestinal upset if they are introduced too quickly. The kittens should have all their baby teeth by around 6 weeks. At this point, they can chew kibble and meaty chunks so you can offer some more solid solids.

3. Monitor Kittens Eating

Don’t let any kitten bully the rest. Make sure you monitor at first to make sure no kitten is hogging the food dish and they are all getting their fair share. Sometimes, if you have a particularly aggressive kitten, it’s best to feed the docile kittens elsewhere to ensure they get adequate nutrition.

4. Monitor Growth

Make sure you keep a close eye on the kittens’ weight. They should be gaining it pretty consistently. You may notice that there is one kitten bigger than the rest and one smaller than the rest—this is pretty standard as long as it isn’t an extremely drastic difference and they are all growing and gaining weight.

5. Provide Fresh Water When Appropriate

Kittens can start drinking water as they get less fluid from their food. Basically, when they stop consuming milk and mushy paste, they will naturally drink water for hydration. This usually starts around 5 weeks. They must have a fresh, clean source of water available at all times.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Do kittens miss their mom and siblings?

It is expected that kittens miss their mom and siblings after they depart. After all, this is the kitten’s family and they form close attachments and teach each other valuable information. It is normal for a kitten to miss their family for a few weeks before you see improvement.

How long does it take for a cat to adjust?

Luckily, the quicker you form a bond with them, the more they will adjust. Each cat is different, so some kittens will warm up right away while others will take a few weeks. Adult cats may take longer to adjust, even up to a few months.

How do you report illegal selling of underage kittens?

You can call your local humane society for information on how to properly report for your area. Different places will have varying laws about the subject so it’s always best to go to the most accurate source of information first.

Conclusion

Now you understand that kittens should leave their mothers absolutely no sooner than 8 weeks old, but ideally, you should wait until about 14 weeks for optimal behavioral outcomes. If you have a motherless litter, make sure to keep them fed according to their age.

If you need any help in the meantime, don’t be afraid to reach out to a professional.

Featured Image Credit: Yana Vydrenkova, Shutterstock

The post When Can Kittens Leave Their Mom? Vet-Verified Facts & FAQ by Ashley Bates appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Bobcat Fever is a serious and life-threatening disease that causes anemia in feline species. While the name suggests that the wild bobcat is primarily affected, this is not the case. Bobcats appear to have good immunity and tend to become “carriers” of the parasite, without displaying any signs of disease. Domestic cats, however, are not so fortunate.

Bobcat Fever is predominantly found in the south central and south eastern areas of North America. The range of disease is believed to be spreading due to climate change and local weather changes. This article will explain how Bobcat Fever is transmitted, what causes it, and what can be done to treat cats suffering from this problematic disease.

What is Bobcat Fever?

There is a technical name for Bobcat Fever: Cytauxzoonosis. This is because Bobcat Fever is caused by a blood parasite called Cytauxzoon felis. The parasite is found in ticks (most commonly the Lone Star tick and American dog tick). When a tick carrying the C. felis parasite feeds on a cat, the parasite can be transmitted into the cat’s blood.

Once in the cat’s blood, the parasite undergoes several stages of division and replication. The parasite invades white blood cells (macrophages) and causes them to burst. They then infect red blood cells which are destroyed causing the cats to become anemic. Parasite clumps are also capable of occluding (blocking) blood vessels and disrupting oxygen distribution to tissues.

What Are the Signs of Bobcat Fever?

Signs of Bobcat Fever develop approximately 10 days from the time of the tick bite. The early signs can be vague or “non-specific”:

Later in the course of the disease, cats become extremely unwell. The lymph nodes, spleen, and liver may become enlarged. Cats will often become hypothermic (low body temperature), and then lapse into coma. Death occurs shortly after this around day 21 post infection.

What Are the Causes of Bobcat Fever?

Bobcat Fever is caused by the blood parasite Cytauxzoon felis. It is carried in an infected tick’s saliva and injected into the cat’s blood stream when the tick feeds. The tick replicates in blood cells (and other tissues in the body), causing destruction of red blood cells and anemia.

The disease is not caused by ingesting ticks. It is not caused by encountering bobcats or other infected cats.

How Do I Care for a Cat with Bobcat Fever?

At home, there is no way of knowing if your cat has contracted Bobcat Fever, as this requires some diagnostic tests to be run. For this reason, if your cat has any of the early signs of being unwell, it’s best to get them checked by a veterinarian.

Previously, the fatality rate was believed to be very close to 100%. This meant that no cat suffering from Bobcat Fever was believed to survive. More recently, there has been some treatment success, though still minimal. Cats require hospitalization and aggressive treatment with intravenous fluids, specific injectable medications for the C. felis parasite, blood transfusions, and nutritional support (which may require the placement of a feeding tube). Cats that survive may spend upwards of one week in hospital and a further two weeks for full recovery.

In cats that are severely unwell, or where hospitalization and aggressive treatment are not possible, euthanasia may be the kindest option.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1. How Is Bobcat Fever Diagnosed?

Bobcat Fever is diagnosed using a combination of blood tests. The C. felis parasite can often be seen in red blood cells when analyzing a blood film under the microscope. PCR (DNA) tests may be required to confirm the diagnosis. If the cause of anemia remains unclear after blood tests, imaging studies may be used to rule out other causes of anemia.

2. What Is the Prognosis for Cats with Bobcat Fever?

With prompt and aggressive treatment, it is believed that up to 60% of cats may survive. Without treatment, the mortality rate is close to 100%. It is not fully understood why some cats survive and others do not.

3. How Can Bobcat Fever Be Prevented?

The only way to ensure your cat is not at risk of Bobcat Fever is to keep them indoors, where they are not exposed to ticks. Tick prevention products in the form of spot-on treatments and collars can be used, but none are 100% effective. Speak to your veterinary team about the best tick prevention tactics in your area.

Conclusion

Bobcat Fever is a potentially fatal parasitic disease that causes anemia in domestic cats. The disease gets its name because bobcats are the reservoir host, meaning they are the natural animal in which the C. felis parasite resides. But while bobcats do not become unwell as a result of their infection, household cats do.

Treatment protocols exist but must be undertaken early. If you live in an area where cats are at risk of Bobcat Fever, it is best to keep them indoors. If this is not possible, ensure you are applying a tick preventative. If you have any concerns about your cat’s health, do not hesitate to contact your veterinarian.

Featured Image Credit: one photo, Shutterstock

The post Bobcat Fever: Our Vet Discusses Signs, Causes & Treatment by Dr. Joe Mallat DVM (Veterinarian) appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

If your cat has recently been coughing, you may wonder if something is going on that requires a veterinary examination, particularly if your companion’s cough sounds like they’re channeling a duck.

The sounds cats make when coughing can often be difficult to describe, and often confusing, due to a lack of standardization with regards to coughing vocabulary. Some people may further describe it as retching, or hacking, though these terms can mean different things to different people. Coughing can further be confusing due to colloquial terms such as “coughing up a hairball”, which is generally more accurately a description of vomiting.

This article will look at some of the more common causes of coughing in cats, and help you determine what to do if you notice your cat coughing.

What Are the Common Conditions That Can Cause Cats to Cough?

Various conditions can cause cats to cough, including asthma, cancer, foreign objects that have gotten stuck, and respiratory infections.

Asthma

Asthma is when a cat’s lungs and airways narrow and swell. Although the trigger isn’t always known, the result is an inflammatory reaction within the respiratory system. Signs of the condition are non-specific, and can include repeated coughing, and bouts (or paroxsysms) of coughing. If your cat is coughing but not having trouble breathing, consider contacting your veterinarian and explaining the situation to determine whether they need to be seen immediately or can wait for a regular appointment.  Cats with breathing problems should be seen immediately by an emergency veterinarian.

Treatment is usually geared towards controlling inflammation. Cats with asthma typically need anti-inflammatory medication to keep the situation under control long-term. Other conditions should be ruled out before a diagnosis of asthma is made.

Cancer

Cats can develop benign and malignant tumors in their respiratory systems, including their larynxes, tracheas, and lungs. Laryngeal and tracheal tumors are rare in cats, as are primary lung tumors. Primary lung tumors are diagnosed far more frequently in older than younger cats. Cats can also develop malignant tumors when cancer metastasizes from other sites.

Signs of laryngeal and tracheal tumors may include difficulty breathing, coughing, or a change in voice. This may be where some people describe a cough as duck like, though it is not the only potential cause. The diagnosis of laryngeal and tracheal tumors usually involves examination of the suspected areas when possible, generally under sedation, along with imaging such as x-rays or endoscopy.

Respiratory Infections

Viral and bacterial infections can cause lower respiratory problems in cats. Fungi and parasites can also be responsible. Signs can include include coughing, fast or open mouth breathing, fever, lethargy, changes in appetite, and weight loss. Similar to other lower airway diseases, veterinary consultation, diagnostics, and treatment are the common next steps.

Conclusion

Cats can cough for several reasons, ranging from lower respiratory infections, to chronic conditions such as asthma and diseases like cancer. Coughing in cats should always be evaluated by a veterinarian. If your kitty sounds like a duck when they cough, contact your veterinarian for an examination.

Featured Image Credit: Suzanne Tucker, Shutterstock

The post My Cat Coughing Sounds Like a Duck, What’s Wrong? Vet-Verified Facts by Lorre Luther appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Seeing your beloved pet struggle with illness is never easy, no matter how minor or severe the issue is. Often, we as pet parents are left to watch our pets suffer without an option to intervene.

That’s exactly the type of helplessness Zumalka set out to relieve when they created their extensive line of homeopathic pet products.

With dozens of products featuring science-backed, natural ingredients that target everything from ear infections to cancer, Zumalka gives pet owners the power to help their pets thrive. But do these products actually work?

I had the chance to try two different Zumalka products on my ten-month-old kitten, Makoa. After a rough start in life, we are still working to get Makoa back to health. I was hopeful Zumalka’a Piptopet and Probiopet could help. After a month on both products, I have seen some encouraging results.

Keep reading to find out how these products have helped Makoa, what I like and don’t like about them, and to see my full Zumalka product review.

At a Glance: What We Received

	Image	Product	Details
Our Favorite		Piptopet	Fomitopsis betulina mushroom tincture Scientifically proven antibiotic, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory effects Support overall health during illness and recovery	CHECK PRICE
		Probiopet	Contains 9 different strains Great for gut, immunity, and overall health Comprehensive gut supplement with 12 billion probiotics	CHECK PRICE

About Zumalka

Zumalka (formerly Animal Homeopathy) was co-founded by Suzie Cyrenne, a pet owner frustrated by the care her pets were receiving with traditional veterinary medicine.

Adamant that there must be a better way, Suzie started studying homeopathy. Eventually, she launched her own business to provide other pet parents with the same holistic approaches that were working for her furry family.

Where Are Zumalka Products Produced?

Zumalka products are created in the company’s lab located in Quebec, Canada. All products are approved by Health Canada, the country’s version of the FDA. All ingredients are sourced from suppliers who meet the company’s rigorous requirements for purity and safety.

Which Type of Pet is Zumalka Best Suited For?

Zumalka makes products for dogs and cats. Most of their lineup can be used for both cats and dogs and many are safe for use in smaller pets, such as parrots, hamsters, and guinea pigs.

The company’s long list of product offerings means there is likely at least one product to benefit every pet. For instance, they offer a wide range of homeopathic options to treat gut issues, as well as specific products for kidney health, allergies, heart health, and more.

They also sell many products meant to support overall health. These can be used in both sick and healthy animals to help them thrive and extend their active years.

Key Features

Zumalka differs from your typical pet supplement company in many ways. For one, they focus on homeopathic ingredients that are backed by science. These ingredients are packaged in a way that makes them simple to administer and many offer focused uses for specific issues while others have wide-ranging effects.

Homeopathic Ingredients

Homeopathy is a system of medicine that focuses on the body’s ability to heal itself. Plant essences and natural compounds are used to stimulate certain responses in the body that are believed to help heal specific conditions.

Homeopathy often involves tinctures and extracts that contain small amounts of the target ingredients. These mixtures are diluted and given in very small amounts. This is because homeopaths believe it only takes a tiny amount of the target property to stimulate the desired response.

Zumalka carries many homeopathic tinctures that are meant to be sprayed in your pet’s water. They also carry capsules, pills, and powders that contain natural herbs, minerals, and compounds.

Backed by Science

While homeopathy and natural medicine in general are less popular in the US, these approaches are widely used in Europe, Asia, and many other parts of the world. In addition to anecdotal evidence supporting the use of many herbal remedies, there is also plenty of science to back it up.

When Zumalka creates its tinctures and supplements, they rely on hard science and data to help them decide which ingredients to include.

Fomitopsis betulina, the active ingredient in Piptopet, for instance, has been widely studied in animals and humans. It has been found to influence a number of pathways in the body and has many potential uses, from preventing cancer to fighting infection. Humans have been using this mushroom for thousands of years as a curative plant for many conditions, including intestinal worms.

Easy Administration

All Zumalka’s supplements are made with easy administration in mind.

The sprays are meant to be added to your pet’s water bowl once or twice a day. The capsules can be opened and poured on your cat’s food and the tablets should be crushed and added to food.

Each product comes with an easy dose guide based on your pet’s weight. Many of the products are made to be used in conjunction with one another and most can be used for cats and dogs.

Focused and Wide-Ranging Uses

Because homeopathic medicines stimulate responses in the body rather than treating symptoms directly, many of them have a broad range of applications.

For instance, Piptopet can be used to support cats with cancer, promote a healthy immune system, and support general well-being.

Some products are more focused on their uses and effects. For example, Probiotpet is meant to support gut biome health and reduce gastric symptoms. But these effects have a broad range of effects from strengthening the immune system to allowing better digestion to promote a healthy coat.

For this reason, you’ll see many of Zumalka’s products included in multiple categories when you “Shop by Concern” on their website.

Reviews of the Products We Received

1. Piptopet

Piptopet is a homeopathic tincture made from Fomitopsis betulina mushrooms (formally known as Piptoporus betulinus). These medicinal mushrooms have a wide range of scientifically proven uses. Zumalka recommends this product for supporting overall health and improving immune health.

This tincture is especially useful for cats with malignant or benign masses. The unique properties of the mushroom help target these mutated cells in the bloodstream and neutralize them. It’s these same properties that improve immune function and general health in ill, aging, and healthy cats.

Whether your cat is picky or happy to eat anything, this product is easy to administer. Simply add 1 to 3 sprays, depending on body weight, to your cat’s water dish twice daily.

Because this product works naturally with your cat’s system to restore imbalances and target symptoms, it takes time to have an effect. But with consistent use, you should see noticeable improvement in about four to six weeks.

2. Probiopet

Probiopet is a powerful probiotic supplement meant to replenish the gut biome, support healthy digestion, and strengthen the immune system.

Each capsule contains 12 billion active cultures. These cultures come from 9 different strains of beneficial bacteria proven to support better health.

S. thermophilus, for instance, has been proven to reduce antibiotic-related diarrhea. Bacteria species in the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium genera, which are well represented in this supplement, have been proven to have positive effects on many gastrointestinal diseases, including colon cancer, as well as diabetes, allergies, and dermatitis.

This supplement comes in capsule form and is meant to be poured onto your cat’s food. The flavor is neutral and most cats have no problem eating it up. The dose varies from 1 to 3 capsules a day depending on your cat’s needs, though, this is not well explained on the packaging.

Our Experience With Zumalka

I first found Zumalka while looking for a new probiotic for my cat, Makoa.

This mischievous little cat came into my life as a five-week-old orphan with the worst respiratory infection I’d ever seen. His lungs were filled with fluid, he couldn’t smell because his nose was so stuffy, and both his eyes were swollen shut.

After a lot of care and medications, he did eventually recover. But he still shows signs of his ordeal. His gut is wrecked from antibiotics, he has scar tissue in his eyes, and he gets recurrent respiratory infections anytime his immune system gets stressed.

After I reached out to Zumalka to inquire about Probiopet, they recommended using it in conjunction with Piptopet given Makoa’s history and recurrent infections.

I received both and started using them daily a little over a month ago.

I add Probiopet to Makoa’s breakfast each day. The capsules are coated to reduce oxidation and bacterial breakdown, which means the product doesn’t have to be kept in the fridge. It’s super easy to break the capsules open and mix them in with Makoa’s food.

For the Piptopet, I add this to my pet’s main water bowl each time I rinse it out, about twice a day. Makoa shares this bowl with my dogs, but they are both seniors with issues of their own, so I see having them share as a positive. You can also mix the spray with broth and feed it directly to your pet if you prefer.

The Probiopet seemed to have an effect very quickly. I started testing a variety of different cat food recipes for a different review shortly after starting him on it. This meant switching the proteins in Makoa’s food every day.

Normally, this would’ve caused some diarrhea issues. But with the help of Probiopet, Makoa handled the constant meal switching like a pro. He had no digestive issues and remained suspiciously non-gassy throughout the entire process.

Gauging the effectiveness of the Piptopet has been a little more difficult.

I can say that all my pets, including Makoa, readily drink the water after the tincture is added. And that Makoa has not dealt with any respiratory symptoms since I started him on the product.

One thing I have noticed is a change in the discharge from his damaged eyes. Only time will tell if this is a sign that his eyes are starting to heal.

Overall, I have been impressed with Zumalka’s products. Their ingredients are simple, powerful, and as far as I can tell, effective.

These supplements are a bit pricer than most. But they are also fairly unique in their formulations and uses, which makes it hard to compare them with other companies. What I will say is there are plenty of satisfied customers out there who are more than willing to pay the asking price for these products because they have seen real results.

Conclusion

Whether your cat is suffering from a touchy gut, tumors, or just needs a little help aging gracefully, I recommend taking a look at Zumalka’s product line.

This homeopathic pet company has a long list of quality products made with powerful, scientifically proven ingredients. They are easy to administer and have shown some amazing results.

I was very impressed with the effects Probiotpet had on my rescue kitty, Makoa. And I’m excited to see how Piptopet continues to work over the next couple of months. If the improvements I’ve seen continue, I’m more than willing to spend the money to keep using these products.

The post Zumalka Pet Supplement Review 2024: A Detailed Look by Sara Seitz appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Cat breeders and veterinarians aren’t the only ones who need to know about the feline reproductive system and mating behaviors. While the average cat owner doesn’t have to be an expert, having general knowledge can help you track their health and take care of your cat better. Knowing what’s normal and what’s abnormal is essential in making good judgment calls on your cat’s well-being and getting them professional help when needed.

There’s a lot to know about cat reproduction and mating. So, we’ll go over the basic information that’s helpful for cat owners and answer common questions that people have about them.

When Do Cats Reach Sexual Maturity?

Cats reach sexual maturity at a relatively early age. They usually become sexually mature and are able to reproduce before they become a year old. Most cats go through puberty at around 6 months old, but it’s possible for some female cats to go through their first heat cycle as soon as 4 months old.

Anatomy of the Cat Reproductive System

Male and female cats have distinctive reproductive systems that function to produce eggs and sperm. While their reproductive systems share some similarities with human reproductive systems, you’ll notice a few significant differences in the stages of their reproductive cycles.

Male Cat Reproductive System

Here are the main parts of a male cat’s reproductive system:

Testes

The testes, or testicles, are situated in the scrotum and produce sperm. Testosterone is the hormone that influences sperm production, and it’s also produced in the testes.

Epididymis

The epididymis connects the testes to the ductus deferens. It’s a tube-like structure that plays a key role in sperm development, storage, and transportation. Sperm typically takes an extra 10 to 12 days to mature in the epididymis after being released from the testes.

Bulbourethral Glands

The bulbourethral glands, more commonly known as Cowper’s gland, are a pair of glands that produce mucus that helps sperm travel. They’re accessory glands that are located near the prostate gland.

Prostate Gland

Its main function is to produce the main fluid that makes up a seminal fluid. This fluid is mixed with fluids from other glands and sperm from the testicles to create semen.

Ductus Deferens

The ductus deferens, or vas deferens, is a continuation of the epididymis. It transports seminal fluid from the epididymis to the urethra.

Penis

A male cat’s penis has papillae protruding from its surface. The papillae are little spines that function to stimulate ovulation in female cats. They disappear after a cat gets neutered.

Female Cat Reproductive System

Here are the main parts of a female cat’s reproductive system:

Ovaries

The ovaries’ main function is to produce eggs and female sexual hormones, such as estrogen and progesterone. Estrogen aids in the development of eggs, while progesterone helps with getting the uterus ready for pregnancy.

Fallopian Tubes

The fallopian tubes, or oviducts, connect the ovaries and the uterus. It’s a passageway that transports fertilized eggs to the uterus.

Uterus

The uterus houses fertilized eggs and is the space where fetuses develop. It has three layers that function to protect the fetuses and help implant the placenta. They’re flexible and will expand as the fetuses grow, and they also contract when it’s time for the cat to give birth.

Cervix

The cervix connects the uterus to the vagina. It’s designed to prevent infections by staying closed. However, it will relax when a cat is ready to give birth.

Vagina and Vulva

The vagina is the passageway that sperm travel through, and it also provides safe passage for the kittens during birth. The vulva protects the vaginal opening.

Mammary Glands

Female cats have four pairs of mammary glands. They become active with pregnancy and work to produce milk for nursing kittens.

Feline Mating Season

Cats are polyestrous animals, which means that they go through multiple estrus cycles per year. The term “estrus” refers to a period of sexual receptivity and is also often referred to as a heat cycle or a mating cycle. On average, female cats can go through two to three heat cycles in one mating season and birth two to three litters of kittens per year.

Feline Breeding Behavior

In the northern hemisphere, it’s common for mating season to start in February and last through October. It seems that the increased length of daylight triggers estrous activity in cats. Female cats are ready to mate when they’re in the estrus stage of their heat cycle.

If a female cat in heat is near a male cat, the male cat will usually first take time to observe her behavior to determine if she’s ready to mate. If he sees her exhibiting mating behavior, he’ll start to approach her. The female cat will then get into the position of lordosis. She will lie down with her hindlimbs elevated and her tail up.

The male cat will then mount the female cat and will bite her neck to keep her in place. Once ejaculation occurs, he will release her and move away from her. This can last anywhere between 1 to 4 minutes.The female cat will usually exhibit a set of certain behaviors immediately afterward. She may roll around or rub herself on different objects. She can also lick the vulvar area. The male cat will typically stay nearby and observe her. Once she has settled down, the cats usually reengage and mate again, and cats can mate many times per day.

Male Cat Behavior During Mating Season

Male cats have an established territory that they possess. Once the mating season begins and female cats in his territory are showing signs of being in heat, he usually starts to behave differently.

Male cat mating behavior consists of several activities. One of the most notable behavioral changes is the male cat mating call. This mating call is really loud and often sounds like the cat is yowling in pain.

Male cats can also start to increase urine marking and spraying to attract a mate. They often become restless and more active. It’s important to keep a close eye on pet cats during mating season because they’re much more likely to roam and escape from their homes to search for a mate.

Another thing you may notice from pet male cats is increased aggressiveness. They may pick fights with other cats or pets in the house as a means of protecting their territory.

Female Cat Behavior During Mating Season

Female cats can share certain behaviors that are similar to male cats when they’re in heat. Like male cats, they can become more vocal to attract a mate, become more active, and are likely to roam. Some female cats may urinate more frequently, and it’s believed that they do this to let male cats know that they’re ready to mate.

Female cats that are in heat often start to raise their hindquarters in the air and swish their tails from side to side. Some female cats may act more affectionate and attention-seeking. They might ask for more pets and will rub themselves against you. They can also have bursts of aggression, and it’s common for them to go back and forth between being affectionate and irritated.

It’s important to note that female cats go through menstruation cycles, but it’s not common for them to bleed. So, if you notice any spotting or bleeding, it’s best to contact your veterinarian right away. While light spotting may not pose a problem, bleeding can still indicate an underlying medical issue, like a urinary tract infection.

Is It Possible to Calm Down Cats While They’re in Heat?

Cat behavior during their mating season can test the patience of many cat owners. Your cat is likely to become louder and more demanding. Some cats also become more aggressive. You’ll have to keep a closer eye on your cat because they’ll try to escape and go outside to find a mate.

There are some things you can do to calm down a cat in heat. First, it’s important to keep male cats apart to prevent aggressive behaviors and fights. Some cats will appreciate having a heating pad or hot water bottle. Make sure to play with your cat to help them expend some of their energy. Some cats may also calm down if you give them catnip.

It’s important to remember that even if you do all these things, your cat may not calm down during the mating season. At the end of the day, these behaviors are normal, and your cat can’t help but engage in them. It’s important not to show frustration, anger, or annoyance toward your cat during mating season.

Spaying or neutering your cat can help reduce these behaviors, as cats no longer feel the need to mate. So, if you’re not planning to breed your cats, it’s best to have them spayed or neutered. Female Heat Cycle and Pregnancy

A female cat’s heat cycle from mating to birthing kittens consists of six stages:

The proestrus phase lasts between 1 to 2 days and is the period that prepares cats to go into the estrus stage. The estrus stage is more commonly known as when cats go into heat. You’ll notice behavioral changes in cats during this stage, and they’ll be receptive to mating. The estrus stage can last anywhere between 2 to 19 days.

If the female cat doesn’t mate, she’ll go into the interestrus stage, which can last between 13 to 18 days. After the end of this stage, she’ll go through another estrus stage. If a female cat does mate during the estrus stage, she’ll enter the diestrus stage. This stage occurs when the female cat has ovulated.

The anestrus stage simply refers to the timespan of when cats are not going through a heat cycle. If a cat does enter the diestrus stage, she will then enter the gestation period. Gestation usually lasts between 63 to 65 days until the cat gives birth to her litter. Female cats can be ready to mate again 8 weeks after giving birth to kittens.

Conclusion

It’s generally recommended for pet cats to be neutered or spayed because of the challenges that come with cat mating seasons. These procedures also help reduce the stray cat population and overcrowding in animal shelters.

If you choose to care for cats that have not been spayed or neutered, it’s essential to understand the feline reproductive system and mating behaviors so that you’re prepared to act if something is wrong. Because a cat’s reproductive system plays a significant role in their health and well-being, make sure to contact your veterinarian if you notice anything strange or abnormal.

• See also: Can Kittens Mate? What Age to Start Watching for It (Vet-Approved)

Featured Image Credit: Magui RF, Shutterstock

The post Cat Reproduction & Mating: Vet-Approved Facts & Explanation by Jessica Kim appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

What Is Feline Leukemia Day?

Feline Leukemia Day is relatively new, with no records pointing to a specific origin. However, it’s becoming more popular each year as people realize the importance of raising awareness about feline leukemia. It’s on July 15 each year, and there may be events held in your area. There are also online events that you can attend, like the Community Cats Podcast, which will have informative speakers who will share the latest information on feline leukemia and other topics.

What Is Feline Leukemia?

Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is a contagious virus that affects cats¹. It is one of the leading causes of illness and death in domestic cats. It usually spreads through close contact, such as via grooming, biting, and sharing food and water bowls. Kittens can contract the virus from an infected mother during birth or through nursing. It’s a retrovirus that can suppress a cat’s immune system, making them susceptible to various infections and diseases.

Cats infected with FeLV may not show signs immediately. Over time, however, the virus can lead to various health problems, including anemia, weight loss, poor coat condition, and a weakened immune system. FeLV-infected cats are also more prone to developing certain types of cancer. The prognosis for cats with FeLV varies. Some cats may live for many years without showing severe signs, while others may succumb to the illness more quickly. Early detection and appropriate management can help improve a cat’s quality of life.

The 6 Ways to Participate in Feline Leukemia Day

1. Advertise on Social Media

Taking part in Feline Leukemia Day is not difficult. One of the best things that you can do is spread awareness by sharing information about the holiday on social media. You can link to events, post facts about the disease, or inform people that the holiday is occurring.

2. Advertise in Your Area

You can help spread the word about Feline Leukemia Day by posting notes on local billboards that you can often find in banks, supermarkets, and other locations. You can also contact your local news and radio stations, as they might be interested and inform the public for you.

3. Teach Others

Besides posting facts about feline leukemia on your social media accounts, you can teach others about the disease by writing a blog post, holding a video seminar, or even teaching a class in your local area.

4. Attend Events

You can search online or in your local news publications for Feline Leukemia Day events in your area. Attend them to help provide support and make it more likely that the events will occur again in the future.

5. Support Research for Feline Leukemia

A great way to participate in Feline Leukemia Day is to donate to an institution researching feline leukemia, like FelineLeukemia.org. These organizations are working to eradicate the disease, but they require financial support from the public, which is why they often hold events like this.

6. Ensure That Your Pets Are Vaccinated

One of the best things that you can do on Feline Leukemia Day is look over your pet’s health records to ensure that they have the feline leukemia vaccine, so your cat won’t be infected if they get out of the house.

Frequently Asked Questions

How Is Feline Leukemia Diagnosed?

Veterinarians can diagnose FeLV through blood tests. Regular testing is recommended, especially for cats at a higher risk of exposure.

Is There a Cure for Feline Leukemia?

Currently, there is no cure for feline leukemia. Treatment focuses on managing signs and supporting the cat’s overall health. Prevention and early detection are crucial to stopping the spread.

Can Feline Leukemia Be Prevented?

There is a vaccine available for FeLV, but it may not be suitable for all cats. Preventing the spread of the virus involves keeping infected cats separated from uninfected cats and avoiding situations that could lead to transmission.

Should I Adopt a Cat With Feline Leukemia?

Adopting a cat with FeLV requires careful consideration. It’s important to understand the challenges and commit to providing the necessary care before allowing the adoption to go through.

Summary

Feline Leukemia Day occurs on July 15, and it hopes to raise awareness about the deadly feline leukemia disease and the importance of getting your pet vaccinated. You can participate by spreading news of the holiday and any events that might be occurring on social media and in your local area. Attend any events in your area to help provide support, and donate to an organization researching feline leukemia if your budget allows.

• See also: When Is Pet Cancer Awareness Month? When Is It & Important Facts

Featured Image Credit: brodtcast, Shutterstock

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If your cat is constantly shaking their head and scratching their ears, a few scenarios may come to mind: Are they allergic to something? Are they sick? Have they been infested by parasites? Constant irritation is also a fairly common sign of a few types of ear infections, so it can be challenging to know what’s going on exactly with your cat. However, other signs may give you a clue, such as a foul odor coming from the ears and the presence of a black or yellow discharge.

In this article, we explore two conditions— yeast ear infections and ear mites—to help you understand what may be affecting your beloved cat. Note that although the information presented here comes from reliable sources, it should not replace a proper diagnosis made by your veterinarian.

At a Glance

Overview of Cat Yeast Infection

Yeast is a type of microorganism (more specifically, a fungus) normally found on the skin in certain numbers and in the body of many species of animals, including humans.

The most common cause of feline yeast ear infections is Malassezia pachydermatis. This yeast is present in low numbers in the external ear canal as part of a cat’s normal skin flora. However, it can reproduce and grow out of control due to underlying issues that weaken the skin’s normal defenses, and cause an infection.

What Are the Signs of a Yeast Ear Infection in Cats?

The signs of any ear infection whether with yeast or bacteria can be similar, here are some common signs a cat might show:

What Causes Yeast Ear Infections in Cats?

Yeast ear infections are usually opportunistic, meaning that they take advantage of a weak and damaged ear canal and overgrow. The inflammation and damage to the ear canal that ear mites create are a common cause of a yeast ear infection. Other causes include:

Can a Cat’s Yeast Infection Spread to Humans?

Feline yeast ear infections are generally not contagious to other pets or humans. Of course always practice normal hygiene measures, especially after cleaning or treating your pet’s ear infection.

Many other types of fungal infection can be spread to humans. Ringworm (dermatophytosis), which is the most common type of fungal skin infection in cats, is zoonotic meaning it can also infect humans.

Cutaneous Sporotrichosis is also zoonotic, this skin infection caused by a fungus called Sporothrix often causes lumps under a cat’s skin. Candida infections are rare in cats, but one study published in the Journal of Clinical Microbiology suggested that many animal species (such as cats, dogs, cattle, horses, and pigs) are susceptible to Candida infections and could be “vectors of transmission or reservoirs of strains causing human disease and may present a risk for immunocompromised patients¹.”

How Is a Yeast Ear Infection Diagnosed and Treated?

Your vet will start by examining your cat’s ears with an otoscope. They will assess for any abnormal growths and examine the eardrum if possible. In severe ear infections the eardrum can be damaged and rupture. As the signs of a yeast ear infection can be very similar to a bacterial infection and other ear problems, they may take a small sample of the discharge to examine under the microscope to confirm an excessive number of yeasts.

Your vet will also perform a general clinical examination and may need to run other tests depending on what they find, and to try and work out the underlying cause of the yeast infection. With yeast infections of the external ear canal, often a medicated ear drop is prescribed which contains an antifungal ingredient as well as an anti inflammatory. If an underlying cause has been found for the infection then that will need to be addressed as well.

Ear cleaning is often necessary, follow your vet’s instructions on the correct ear cleaner, technique and frequency.

Overview of Ear Mites

Ear mites in cats are a type of parasitic infestation. The most common parasite that affects a cats’ ears is Otodectes cynotis. This tiny mite is extremely contagious and can even spread to other areas of the cat’s body. The moist environment of the ear canals is an ideal place for ear mites to feed, which they do with ear tissue debris, fluids, and wax. This feeding process causes intense itching.

In severe untreated cases, cats may scratch their ears so much that it causes pain, inflammation, trauma, skin lesions, and even a hematoma. Ear mites can lead to secondary infections with bacteria and yeasts and more serious problems, which is why it’s important to learn how to recognize the signs of infestation early.

Ear mites are more common in kittens and outdoor cats. However, no cat is truly safe from these tiny parasites, regardless of their age, breed, or lifestyle.

What Are the Signs of Ear Mites in Cats?

Signs of an ear mite infestation are similar to those of a yeast infection:

If the ear mites affect other parts of the body you can see itching, scratching and skin lesions elsewhere.

What Causes Ear Mites in Cats?

Ear mites are highly contagious and are easily spread through direct contact with infected cats or kittens. Some cats have ear mites but don’t show any signs and so can be a source of future infestations. Ear mites have limited ability to live off cats and in the environment.

Can Cat Ear Mites Spread to Humans?

Ear mites are not a major risk to humans, there have been a few reports of human infestations causing dermatitis following close contact with an infested animal, but this is rare. Primarily ear mites are extremely contagious but only among cats (and some other pets like dogs and ferrets).

How Are Ear Mites Diagnosed and Treated?

It is essential to take your cat to the veterinarian for a proper diagnosis, as the signs are quite similar to other ear infections. Treatment for cat ear mite infestation usually involves cleaning the ears and removing debris and earwax buildup. Your veterinarian will usually prescribe certain ear drops to kill mites. Additionally, a flea medication that also works against mites may be prescribed. All cats, dogs and ferrets in the household will need to be treated.

What Are the Main Differences Between Yeast Infections and Ear Mites in Cats?

It can be difficult to distinguish ear mites from ear infections in cats based on the signs your cat is showing, but one of the major differences is the color and appearance of the ear discharge. If your feline has mites, the discharge is often dark brown to almost black, as it contains dried blood, debris, wax, and even the mites themselves. It is sometimes described as looking like coffee grounds. However, if your cat has a yeast infection, the discharge will usually be a lighter brown or yellowish and may have an unpleasant odor caused by overgrowing yeast.

That said, given the similarity of the signs of both conditions, and the fact that ear mites often lead to yeast infections (so both may be present concurrently), you will need to take your cat to the veterinarian for a proper diagnosis and effective treatment.

Conclusion

Ear mites are a real nuisance for our feline companions because they not only cause painful itching, but they can also lead to other issues including yeast infections if left untreated. Yeast infections are usually secondary to another underlying problem, so always call your veterinarian as soon as you notice the first signs of an ear problem.

The sooner the problem is treated, the sooner your beloved cat will be able to resume their regular activities without being bothered by the excessive itching of their poor ears!

See also:

• 10 Best Lickable Treats for Cats
• Miliary Dermatitis in Cats

Featured Image Credit: Left (Yeast Infection) RJ22, Shutterstock, Right: (Ear mites) RJ22, Shutterstock

The post Cat Yeast Infection vs. Ear Mites: Vet Reviewed Differences (With Pictures) by Genevieve Dugal appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.